Mykola Stefanchuk, Anatolii Muzyka, Maryna Stefanchuk, Olena Cherniak, Nazar Rudyi, Igor Meshchan
Research objective – to describe the processes of introduction and development of requirements to accommodation of Ukrainians in the nineteenth century using the example of Kyiv and Kharkiv. The research methodology is based on the interdisciplinary approach. The research was done using a set of philosophical, general scientific and special legal methods of scientific knowledge, the use of which is caused by the specific research subject. Using the method of analysis and synthesis made it possible to reveal the features of the local government policy of Ukrainian cities as to development of requirements to housing of Ukrainians. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the authors, while using the archive documents and regulations not previously known to the public, have examined and described the processes of development of requirements to housing of Ukrainians in the nineteenth century by the example of Kyiv and Kharkiv. The following technical requirements to suitability of housing were identified to have developed in the nineteenth century: 1) legality of construction (availability of a construction plan agreed with the local government authorities and a legally designated plot of land); 2) safety of the house for residents, neighbors, passers-by; 3) availability of equipment for provision of housing and public utility services. The requirements for the privacy of housing as a necessary element of guaranteeing the right to inviolability of housing were revealed.
It was found that, starting from the nineteenth century, the dwelling was subject to mandatory evaluation. It was determined that there were no consistent sanitary requirements to housing in the nineteenth century. It is found that the suitability requirements to the housing of Ukrainians became the fundamental ones for further development in the twentieth century. They indicate the existence of safety requirements to housing until the establishment of Soviet rule in Ukrainian lands.